Evidential flexibility and fairness: Proposals for post-conflict justice

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights, following guidelines of ius cogens and soft law in relation with the victim’s rights, has created rules of probative flexibilization to guarantee the effective jurisdictional tutelage to the victims of serious human rights violations. Thanks to this scenario, in Colombia, due of the legal-procedural design that has been created in virtue of the armed conflict, practices used in the ISHR have been insufficiently adopted in terms of probative flexibilization and the use of equity. The tools provided conforming to IHRL and IHL, when it will be adopted in a more comprehensive way, will provide more guarantees for victims, and will be a great practical and hermeneutical assistance to the damage judge to base their decisions for integral reparation incidents and direct reparation processes when they were related with serious violations of human rights

Psychometric properties of adult attachment measure “Experiences in close relationships – revised (ECR-R) in Colombian population

ABSTRACT: The present research study the psychometric properties of the measure Experiences in Close Relationships Revised (ECR-R). The results showed that 15 items doesn’t have those properties to be considered inside the test, either because their symmetry, because they didn’t have a factorial load equal or superior to 0.4; by cause of they loaded on several factors or they were conceptually isolated from the scales on the test. The factor analyses exposed that the ECR-R has a three factors structure, which are assembled in two scales, anxiety and avoidance. The 16 and 17 items originally in the scale of anxiety, scored for the factor 2 which matches with avoidance; that is why they were moved to the other scaled. Each of these scales got acceptable coefficients of internal consistency (anxiety = 0.877; avoidance = 0.798) and the normative values were determinated also for each scale. This is how the instrument of evaluation of attachment in relationships is obtained; and even it keep the same topics in reference to the scales that are evaluated, is not equal to the old one because many of the items were eliminated, making of this Spanish version, a short one.RESUMEN: El presente artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que examina las propiedades psicométricas de la prueba experiencias en relaciones cercanas revisada (ecrr). Se encontró que quince ítems no obtienen dichas propiedades para ser considerados dentro de la prueba, ya sea por su asimetría, porque no obtuvieran carga factorial igual o superior a 0,4, porque cargaran en varios factores o que estuvieran en factores aislados conceptualmente con las escalas de la prueba. El análisis factorial demostró que el ecr-r se caracteriza por una estructura de tres factores que se agrupan en dos escalas: ansiedad y evitación. Los ítems 16 y 17, originalmente en la escala de ansiedad, puntuaron para el factor 2, que corresponde a evitación, por lo que se pasan para dicha escala. Cada una de las escalas obtuvo coeficientes aceptables de consistencia interna (ansiedad = 0,877; evitación = 0,798) y se determinaron los valores normativos de cada una. De esta manera, se obtiene un instrumento de evaluación del apego en relaciones amorosas que, aunque conserva los lineamientos de la prueba original en cuanto a las escalas evaluadas, no es igual, ya que muchos ítems se eliminaron haciendo de esta versión en español, una versión corta

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies

Natural History of MYH7-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Variants in myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) are responsible for disease in 1% to 5% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, the clinical characteristics and natural history of MYH7-related DCM are poorly described. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the phenotype and prognosis of MYH7-related DCM. We also evaluated the influence of variant location on phenotypic expression. METHODS We studied clinical data from 147 individuals with DCM-causing MYH7 variants (47.6% female; 35.6 +/- 19.2 years) recruited from 29 international centers. RESULTS At initial evaluation, 106 (72.1%) patients had DCM (left ventricular ejection fraction: 34.5% +/- 11.7%). Median follow-up was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.7-8.0 years), and 23.7% of carriers who were initially phenotype-negative developed DCM. Phenotypic expression by 40 and 60 years was 46% and 88%, respectively, with 18 patients (16%) first diagnosed at <18 years of age. Thirty-six percent of patients with DCM met imaging criteria for LV noncompaction. During follow-up, 28% showed left ventricular reverse remodeling. Incidence of adverse cardiac events among patients with DCM at 5 years was 11.6%, with 5 (4.6%) deaths caused by end-stage heart failure (ESHF) and 5 patients (4.6%) requiring heart transplantation. The major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.0% and 2.1% at 5 years in patients with DCM and in those with LVEF of <= 35%, respectively). ESHF and major ventricular arrhythmia were significantly lower compared with LMNA-related DCM and similar to DCM caused by TTN truncating variants. CONCLUSIONS MYH7-related DCM is characterized by early age of onset, high phenotypic expression, low left ventricular reverse remodeling, and frequent progression to ESHF. Heart failure complications predominate over ventricular arrhythmias, which are rare. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation

Gestión del conocimiento: perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 12

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 12, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro cuenta con el apoyo de los grupos de investigación: Universidad Sur del Lago “Jesús María Semprúm” (UNESUR), Zulia – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Falcón Alonso Gamero (UPTAG), Falcón – Venezuela; Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Mérida Kleber Ramírez (UPTM), Mérida – Venezuela; Universidad Guanajuato (UG) - Campus Celaya - Salvatierra - Cuerpo Académico de Biodesarrollo y Bioeconomía en las Organizaciones y Políticas Públicas (C.A.B.B.O.P.P), Guanajuato – México; Centro de Altos Estudios de Venezuela (CEALEVE), Zulia – Venezuela, Centro Integral de Formación Educativa Especializada del Sur (CIFE - SUR) - Zulia - Venezuela, Centro de Investigaciones Internacionales SAS (CIN), Antioquia - Colombia.y diferentes grupos de investigación del ámbito nacional e internacional que hoy se unen para estrechar vínculos investigativos, para que sus aportes científicos formen parte de los libros que se publiquen en formatos digital e impreso

Flexibilización probatoria y equidad: Propuestas para la justicia del posconflicto

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights, following guidelines of ius cogens and soft law in relation with the victim’s rights, has created rules of probative flexibilization to guarantee the effective jurisdictional tutelage to the victims of serious human rights violations. Thanks to this scenario, in Colombia, due of the legal-procedural design that has been created in virtue of the armed conflict, practices used in the ISHR have been insufficiently adopted in terms of probative flexibilization and the use of equity. The tools provided conforming to IHRL and IHL, when it will be adopted in a more comprehensive way, will provide more guarantees for victims, and will be a great practical and hermeneutical assistance to the damage judge to base their decisions for integral reparation incidents and direct reparation processes when they were related with serious violations of human rights.La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, siguiendo directrices de ius cogens y derecho blando en materia de derechos de las víctimas, ha creado reglas de flexibilización probatoria para garantizar la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva de las víctimas de violaciones graves a los derechos más esenciales. Aprovechando este escenario, en Colombia, en virtud del diseño jurídico-procesal que se ha creado con ocasión del conflicto armado, se han adoptado de manera insuficiente prácticas usadas en el SIDH en materia de flexibilización probatoria y uso de la equidad. Las herramientas que operan disposiciones correspondientes a DIDH y DIH, cuando se adopten de manera más íntegra, brindarán mayores garantías a las víctimas y serán de gran ayuda práctica y hermenéutica para los jueces de daños al momento de fundar sus decisiones sobre los incidentes de reparación integral y los procesos de reparación directa que versen sobre graves violaciones a los derechos humanos

Estudio colorimétrico de la aleación 76% Au – 5% Al -19% Cu

La industria joyera ha venido experimentando algunos desarrollos, gracias a los descubrimientos en la metalurgia y en el diseño de joyas que han requerido de nuevos avance. Es por ello que en el Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales de la Universidad de Antioquia, en asocio con el Laboratorio de Cerámicos y Vítreos de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, se ha venido trabajando en la fabricación de nuevas aleaciones preciosas, que permiten generar alternativas en colores y efectos superficiales. Entre estas aleaciones se encuentra la aleación con 76% Au – 19% Cu – 5% Al, la cual presenta un efecto superficial destellante, para aplicaciones estéticas. El efecto se presenta cuando se induce por envejecimiento una reacción cuasi-martensítica, creando maclas en la superficie del metal que reflejan la luz en diferentes direcciones. La aleación ha mostrado valores colorimétricos y espectros de reflectancia, similares al de aleaciones de oro blanco